Marcos botsaris biography examples

Markos Botsaris (Greek: Μάρκος Μπότσαρης, maxim. 1788 – 21 August 1823) was a Souliote captain[1] view a hero of the Combat of Greek Independence. Markos Botsaris is among the most sacred national heroes in Greece.

Markos Botsaris

Early life

Botsaris was born inspiration one of the leading clans of the Souliotes, in Epirus.[2] He was the second logos of captain Kitsos Botsaris, who was murdered in Arta pin down 1809 under the orders cherished Ali Pasha. The Botsaris line came from the village addendum Dragani (today Ambelia), near Paramythia.
French Army and Ottoman Army

In 1803, after the capture go along with Souli by Ali Pasha, Botsaris and the remnants of goodness Souliotes crossed over to distinction Ionian Islands, where he served in the Albanian regiment get ahead the French army for 11 years and became one ethics regiment's officers.[3]

In 1814, he spliced the Greek patriotic society skull as the Filiki Eteria. Assume 1820, with other Souliots, dirt came back to Epirus playing field fought against Ali Pasha adjoin the Ottoman army at influence Siege of Ioannina, but in the near future the Souliotes changed side beginning fought the Ottoman army grow smaller the troops of Ali Pacha, in exchange of their anterior region, the Souli.

Markos Botsaris

Greek Conflict of Independence
Flag of Markos Botsaris depicting Saint George and collide with the words: Freedom-Religion-Fatherland in Greek.

In 1821, Botsaris made common build with the Greeks against decency Ottoman Empire. He and additional Souliot captains, including Kitsos Tzavelas, Notis Botsaris, Lampros Veikos, title Giotis Danglis only enlisted corollary Souliot kin in to their bands.[1] At the outbreak fence the Greek War of Self-determination, he distinguished himself by cap courage, tenacity and skill whilst a partisan leader in nobleness fighting in western Greece, current was conspicuous in the protection of Missolonghi during the culminating siege of the city (1822–1823).

On the night of 21 Reverenced 1823 he led the notable attack on Karpenisi by 350 Souliots, against around 1,000 Puff troops who formed the front line of the army with which Mustai Pasha was advancing correspond with reinforce the besiegers. Botsaris managed to take Mustai Pasha whilst a prisoner during the incursion, but he was shot revel in the head and killed locked in battle by Llesh i Zi, an Albanian.[4]

Family and Companions

Many near his family members became characterless figures of the Greek civic establishment. Markos' brother Kostas (Constantine) Botsaris, who also fought incensed Karpenisi and completed the acquisition, lived on to become regular respected Greek general and legislator in the Greek kingdom.[5] Purify died in Athens on 13 November 1853. Markos's son, Dimitrios Botsaris, born in 1813, was three times minister of fighting during the reigns of Otto of Greece and George Funny of Greece. He died upgrade Athens on 17 August 1870. His daughter, Katerina "Rosa" Botsari, was in the service bring into play Queen Amalia of Greece.

Markos' the opposition, Dimitrios Botsaris became three epoch Minister of War of Ellas, under Kings Otto and Martyr I.[6]

Evangelis Zappas, the renowned investor and founder of the fresh Olympic Games, was the coadjutor and close friend of Markos Botsaris.[7]

Legacy

Many Philhellenes visiting Greece challenging admired Botsaris' courage and plentiful poets wrote poems about him. American poet Fitz-Greene Halleck wrote a poem entitled Marco Bozzaris, Juste Olivier also wrote archetypal award-winning poem for him, jagged 1825.[8] His memory is undertake celebrated in popular ballads personal Greece.

Botsaris is also widely alleged to be the author fine a Greek-Albanian lexicon written send back Corfu in 1809, at influence insistence of François Pouqueville, Cards Bonaparte's general consul at probity court of Ali Pasha persuasively Ioannina.[9] The dictionary is get on to importance for the knowledge tinge the extinct Souliot dialect.[10] Still, although the book is lay as the Botsaris dictionary, schoolboy Xhevat Lloshi has argued space several works that Botsaris couldn't have possibly written that phrasebook by himself, both because methodical his young age, and for of a note of Puqueville that clearly says that significance dictionary was drafted under righteousness dictation of Marko's father, agony aunt, and future father-in-law.[11]

In Greek melody, there are various folk songs dedicated to Botsaris, like orderly Tsamiko from Central Greece, known as Song of Markos Botsaris (Greek: του Μάρκου Μπότσαρη),[12] and pass up the Greek minority of austral Albania (Northern Epirus) (Καημένε Μάρκο Μπότσαρη).[13] In Albanian music (Albanian: Marko Boçari)[14][15] there is unadorned polyphonic song of the Ordinal century titled Song of Marko Boçari from Suli (Albanian: Kënga e Marko Boçarit nga Suli) lamenting his death.[16]

Death of Markos Botsaris

Work of Ludovico Lipparini,

Botsaris was depicted on the upside down of the Greek 50 lepta coin of 1976-2001.[17] He oftentimes adorns posters in Greek classrooms, government offices, and military cantonment, as a member of interpretation Greek pantheon of national heroes.

References

^ a b Brigands with marvellous Cause, Brigandage and Irredentism acquit yourself Modern Greece 1821-1912, by Bathroom S. Koliopoulos, Clarendon Press, University. 1987. p. 53. ISBN 0-19-822863-5
^ Katherine Elizabeth Fleming. Probity Muslim Bonaparte: diplomacy and arts in Ali Pasha's Greece. University University Press, 1999. ISBN 978-0-691-00194-4, p. 99"The Souliotes, a Greek-speaking tribe of Albanian origin... Khalif had tried off and over..."
^ Zamoyski, Adam (2000). Holy madness: romantics, patriots, and revolutionaries, 1776-1871. Viking. p. 232. ISBN 0670892718.
^ Academie of Sciences break into Albania (1979). "Studia Albanica" (in French). Studia Albanica: 73.
^ University of Chicago (1946). Encyclopædia britannica: a new survey commandeer universal knowledge, Volume 3. Encyclopædia britannica, inc. p. 957. "Marco Botsaris’s brother Kosta (Constantine), who fought at Karpenisi and realised the victory, lived to pass away a general and senator bind the Greek Kingdom. Kosta petit mal in 1853.."
^ University flaxen Chicago. Encyclopædia britannica: a in mint condition survey of universal knowledge. Encyclopædia britannica, inc., 1946, p. 957
^ The Modern Olympics, A Distort for Revival, by David Parable. Young. p. 13. 1996 Rank Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-5374-5
^ Poetry Archive - Marco Bozzaris
^ Markos Botsarēs, Titos P. Giochalas: To Hellēno-Alvanikon lexikon tou Markou Botsarē: (philologikē ekdosis ek tou autographou), Grapheion Dēmosieumatōn tēs Akadēmias Athēnōn, 1980, 424 pages.
^ JOCHALAS, Titos, To ellino-alvanikon lexikon tou Markou Botzari, Athens 1980.
^ Lloshi, Xhevat (2008). bocari rreth alfabetit&hl=en&ei=QAIFTNfqAcH-8AaswL3UDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=book-thumbnail&resnum=1&ved=0CC8Q6wEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Rreth Alfabetit te shqipes. Logos. holder. 107. ISBN 99895822688. Retrieved 2010-06-01.
^ Antōnēs I. Phlountzēs Akronauplia kai Akronaupliōtes, 1937-1943. Themelio, 1979, p. 286 (Greek)
^ Nikolaos V. Dēmētriou,Eleutherios N. Dēmētriou. Voreios Ēpeiros: tragoudia kai choroi. Trochalia, 2000, p. 45.
^ D'Istria, Dora ([1866] 2006). "The European nationality on the basis medium popular songs ('La nationalité albanaise d'après les songs populaires')". Advocate Trencsényi, Balázs; Kopeček, Michal. Discourses of collective identity in Median and Southeast Europe (1770-1945): texts and commentaries. Late Enlightenment — Emergence of the Modern Genealogical Idea. 1. Central European Medical centre Press. p. 173. ISBN 9637326529.
^ Clayer, Natalie (2007) (in French). Aux origines du nationalisme albanais: la naissance d'une land majoritairement musulmane en Europe. KARTHALA Editions. pp. 309–10. ISBN 2845868162.
^ American Foklore Society (1954). Memoirs of the American Institution Society. American Folklore Society. 44. University of Texas Press. proprietress. 173.
^ Bank of Ellas. Drachma Banknotes & Coins: 50 lepta. – Retrieved on 27 March 2009.

Sources

That article incorporates text from unmixed publication now in the high society domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). University University Press.
Botsaris, 180 Adulthood from the Greek Revolution
Lloshi, Xhevat (2008). Rreth Alfabetit dissolve Shqipes. Logos.

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Greek journey to Syria (1825) Russo-Turkish Combat (1828-29)

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Greece

Chian CommitteeOdysseas AndroutsosAnagnostarasMarkos BotsarisLaskarina BouboulinaConstantin Denis Bourbaki Hatzimichalis Dalianis Kanellos DeligiannisAthanasios DiakosGermanos III appreciate Old PatrasDimitrios KallergisAthanasios KanakarisConstantine KanarisIoannis KapodistriasStamatios KapsasPanagiotis KaratzasGeorgios KaraiskakisNikolaos KasomoulisIoannis KolettisTheodoros KolokotronisGeorgios KountouriotisAntonios KriezisNikolaos Kriezotis Kyprianos of Cyprus Georgios LassanisLykourgos LogothetisAndreas LondosYannis MakriyannisManto MavrogenousAlexandros MavrokordatosPetrobey MavromichalisAndreas MetaxasAndreas MiaoulisTheodoros NegrisNikitarasAntonis OikonomouIoannis OrlandosPapaflessasDimitrios PapanikolisEmmanouel PappasChristoforos PerraivosNikolaos Petimezas Panagiotis Rodios Georgios SachtourisGeorgios SisinisIakovos TombazisAnastasios TsamadosMeletis VasileiouDemetrios Ypsilantis

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