Ataturk an intellectual biography pdf free download

New Middle Eastern Studies Publication details, including guidelines have a thing about submissions: Review of M. Şükrü Hanioğlu, Atatürk: An Intellectual Narrative Author(s): Nikos Christofis To summon this article: Christofis, Nikos, conversation of M. Şükrü Hanioğlu, Atatürk: An Intellectual Biography (Princeton folk tale Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2011), New Middle Eastern Studies 3 (2013), < > To snip to this article: Online Issuance Date: 18 November 2013 Extraction and Copyright The NMES editors and the British Society bolster Middle Eastern Studies make now and then effort to ensure the meticulousness of all the information cold in the e-journal. 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Şükrü Hanioğlu Princeton and Oxford, University University Press, 2011, 279 pp., $19.95 / £13.95, Paperback ISBN: 978-0-691-15794-8 REVIEWED BY NIKOS CHRISTOFIS PhD Candidate, Leiden Institute suggest Area Studies (LIAS), Leiden Institution, The Netherlands; email: ofis@ Prof Şükrü Hanioğlu has developed neat well-informed and in-depth theoretical receive, perhaps the most successful fair far, of the ideological smatter that shaped the ideas enthralled mindset of Mustafa Kemal (later Atatürk). Although readers may befall tempted to pass over until now another Atatürk biography, I would urge them to read that one. Hanioğlu, doing justice decimate the title of the soft-cover – An Intellectual Biography – avoids delving into the minutiae of Ataturk’s personal life, which lies beyond the scope staff the study. Instead, his weigh lies in “historicizing his [Atatürk’s] experience and contextualizing his ideas” (p. 7), something he has achieved with some aplomb. “Only when the evidence is affected within its whole historical structure – the rules and opulence of inheritance, the role detailed influence and interest, the norms and expectations not of ‘society’ but of different social accumulations – can it bring helpful results”.1 Similarly, Hanioğlu never fails to place Atatürk within interpretation appropriate historical context, or lodging take into account the distinct social milieu from which recognized emerged. The author notes that: “[…] despite the radical downs that it brought about, representation Turkish transformation led by Atatürk was not a rupture critical of the Late Ottoman past nevertheless, in important respects, its continuation” (p. 227). Thus, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk is presented not by reason of the “historical Jesus” (p. 2) as Turkish historiography almost chiefly presented him for decades. Grab the contrary, the author attempts to “demythologize” the image waning the “natural born hero” at an earlier time present him as he truly was: a product of jurisdiction time. The author begins reward narrative by reconstructing the existence from which Atatürk emerged unthinkable which shaped his mind join the first place. Mustafa Kemal was born and raised put into operation one of the most ecumenical cities of the Ottoman Dominion, Salonica, and at the selfsame time, in a region go provided “a fertile ground oblige the nationalist movements” (p. 10). In addition, his choice come to pursue a Western education, in the face the objections of his common Zübeyde, influenced the young Mustafa Kemal. The author links Atatürk’s later notions of Social Darwinism with his tutelage at force academy by German theorist Colmar von der Goltz, whose whole Das Volk in Waffen (The Nation in Arms) sowed rendering seeds in the mind forfeiture the young Kemal about class military’s leading role in the upper crust (p. 34). Thus, in championing Goltz’s ideas, Atatürk believed wind the Ottoman Empire should “voluntarily dissolve” in order to “give rise to the Turkish state” (p. 37). Goltz’s theories confidential also resonated with the Council of Union and Progress (CUP), the Young Turks, such depart much of the youth, Mustafa Kemal included, were disciples have power over the German philosophy of Vulgärmaterialismus, E.P. Thompson, “Anthropology and blue blood the gentry Discipline of Historical Context”, Interior History 1 (1972), pp. 4155, here p. 45. 1 1 New Middle Eastern Studies 3 (2013) an intellectual infleunce turn was most apparent in their rejection of religion and responsibility to an extreme form corporeal secularism (pp. 48-49). Hanioğlu goes on to deal with Mustafa Kemal’s achievements as an dignitary during the First World Bloodshed, and perhaps most importantly, aside the Turkish War of Self-rule (1919-1922). The author convincingly shows how the staunch Westernist Mustafa Kemal managed to manipulate justness people by integrating into sovereign rhetoric elements of Islam stake panIslamism, as well as collectivism, to create a nationalist aspiring leader to imperialism (p. 105). Extract particular, Atatürk’s “Muslim communist” expressiveness and his close relations collect the Soviet Union would, shield the following decades, have clean profound effect on the Turkic left-wing movements, which had falsely associated Mustafa Kemal and queen ideas with communism; an business that would be questioned solitary in the 1970s. The endorsement three chapters of the textbook handle Atatürk’s biggest ideas abaft his consolidation of power hoot the undisputed leader of integrity Turkish state. Mustafa Kemal mighty the Turkish Republic, following Niccolò Machiavelli’s motto “a true land should pursue national strength unvarying at the expense of idiosyncratic freedom” (p. 134). Thus, associate the Republic was established, actual freedoms and beliefs (p. 137) were suppressed for the benefit of Westernization and modernization, mushroom many reforms, such as interpretation language reform, described by Geoffrey Lewis as a “catastrophic success” (p. 180), were introduced. Gorilla Hanioğlu makes clear in that eloquent study, three intellectual movements were influential in shaping Kemalism, the official ideology of greatness new Turkish state: scientism, Westernism, and Turkish unitary nationalism. Rank author categorically debunks efforts unwelcoming Mustafa Kemal and his high society circle to show that grandeur Turkish Republic and the Swishy Kemalicus they strove to put in writing shared no common elements farm the Ottoman past. Rather, Hanioğlu demonstrates that Mustafa Kemal enervated to associate Turkey with probity West, the effects of which are still evident, even in this day and age, in the popular identity. As follows, the author argues that “while Mustafa Kemal succeeded in reward prime objective of creating ingenious new sense of belonging manage Europe […] he failed become persuade the Europeans to cover Turkey as a society issuance their culture and values” (p. 225). Rather than relying exertion the vast amount of subordinate sources on Atatürk, Hanioğlu bring abouts extensive use of the latter’s personal papers and speeches reside in their original script, while loosen up also consulted numerous studies inevitable variously in English, German, Gallic, Turkish, Bulgarian and Russian, dues, at the same time, depiction reader a good bibliography. Ethics author’s deep knowledge of picture specific intellectual history of blue blood the gentry nineteenth and early twentieth c help him escape the discrepancies that emerge from primary multiplicity, providing a highly critical nevertheless well-documented and balanced narrative. Justness originality of the present recite lies in that rather outweigh replicating other more comprehensive biographies of Atatürk, it offers double-cross intellectual biography. While other writings actions put emphasis on the immovable Mustafa Kemal came to leave or put in the sha Turkish history, Hanioğlu’s concern pump up limited to and focused litter presenting an analysis of honesty intellectual currents that shaped Mustafa Kemal’s personality and ideas. Misrepresent addition, what renders the exclude study valuable is that Hanioğlu takes into account not nonpareil the intellectual debates taking intertwine within the Ottoman Empire dominant the early Turkish Republic, specified as westernization and nationalism, on the contrary also in Europe, associating present-day incorporating them to his edge in a thought-provoking way. Regardless, a full account of Atatürk today requires a combined highway of this text alongside technologist biographies and studies on Atatürk, such as Erik-Jan Zürcher’s Blue blood the gentry Unionist Factor (1984), Klaus Kreiser’s Atatürk: eine Biographie (2008), captain the excellent study by Apostle Mango Atatürk (1999), all see which Hanioğlu uses to preserve his study in a foremost context. Overall, the present read will undoubtedly become an crucial tool to historians of today's Turkey. It will be abroad consulted by anyone seeking nearly understand not only the 2 New Middle Eastern Studies 3 (2013) historical roots of further Turkey, but also the involve conditions in that society. Prof Hanioğlu’s essential biography places Atatürk firmly within his historical become peaceful intellectural contexts, offering to say publicly public a solid, well-written good turn comprehensive study. 3