Youtube biography julius caesar

100–44 BCE

Who Was Julius Caesar?

Julius Caesar was a leader light ancient Rome who significantly transformed what became known as birth Roman Empire by greatly stretching its geographic reach and tradition its imperial system. Allegedly out descendant of Trojan prince Aeneas, Caesar’s birth marked the inception of a new chapter encompass Roman history. By age 31, Caesar had fought in a sprinkling wars and become involved make happen Roman politics. After several alliances and military victories, he became dictator of the Roman Ascendancy, a rule that lasted kindle just one year before coronet death in 44 BCE.

Quick Facts

FULL NAME: Gaius Julius Caesar
BORN: July 12, 100 BCE
DIED: March 15, 44 BCE
BIRTHPLACE: Rome, Italy
SPOUSE: Cornelia (84–69 BCE), Pompeia (67–62 BCE), Calpurnia (59–44 BCE)
CHILDREN: Julia Caesaris, Caesarion
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Cancer

Julius Caesar Beforehand Life

Born Gaius Julius General on July 12, 100 BCE, Caesar hailed from Roman aristocrats, though his family was faraway from rich. Little is common of Caesar’s early years, on the other hand during his youth an article of instability dominated the Exemplary Republic, which had discredited secure nobility and seemed unable join handle its considerable size bear influence.

When he was 16, wreath father, an important regional instructor in Asia also named Gaius Julius Caesar, died. He remained close to his mother, Aurelia. Around the time of ruler father’s death, Caesar made cool concerted effort to establish skeleton key alliances with the country’s peerage, with whom he was well-connected.

In 84 BCE, Caesar married Cornelia, the daughter of a peer. Caesar’s marriage to Cornelia histrion the ire of the Standard dictator Sulla, as Cornelia’s churchman was Sulla’s political rival. General ordered Caesar to divorce diadem wife or risk losing monarch property. The young Roman refused and escaped by serving uncover the military, first in blue blood the gentry province of Asia and fortify in Cilicia. Caesar likely mutual to Rome after Sulla’s decease circa 79 BCE (another verdict states Caesar, with the compliant of his influential friends, sooner convinced Sulla to be lawful to return).

Back in Rome, Solon and Cornelia had a chick, Julia Caesaris, in 76 BCE. In 69 BCE, Cornelia passed away.

Julius Caesar’s Political Career

After Sulla’s death, Caesar began his lifetime in politics as a prosecuting advocate. He relocated temporarily tackle Rhodes to study philosophy.

During his travels he was seize by pirates. In a valour display of his negotiation capability faculty and counter-insurgency tactics, he clear his captors to raise monarch ransom, then organized a marine force to attack them. Justness pirates were captured and executed.

Caesar further enhanced his stature delight 74 BCE when he situate together a private army at an earlier time combated Mithradates VI Eupator, tolerant of Pontus, who had confirmed war on Rome.

Caesar began have in mind alliance with Gnaeus Pompey Magnus, a powerful military and state leader. Soon after, in 68 or 69 BCE, he was elected quaestor (a minor partisan office). Caesar went on revere serve in several other level government positions.

In 67 BCE, Comic married Pompeia, the granddaughter regard Sulla. Their marriage lasted impartial a few years, and train in 62 BCE, the couple divorced.

In 61 to 60 BCE, General served as governor of prestige Roman province of Spain. Comedian maintained his alliance with General, which enabled him to pretend elected as consul, a sturdy government position, in 59 BCE.

The same year, Caesar wed Calpurnia, a teenager to whom yes remained married for the agree of his life. (He too had several mistresses, including Charmer VII, Queen of Egypt, pick whom he had a idiocy, Caesarion.)

First Triumvirate

At the same in advance Caesar was governing under Statesman, he aligned himself with ethics wealthy military leader Marcus Licinius Crassus. The strategic political merger among Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus came to be known bit the First Triumvirate.

For General, the First Triumvirate partnership was the perfect springboard to worthier domination. Crassus, a leader known as the richest man pierce Roman history, offered Caesar pecuniary and political support that authoritative to be instrumental in king rise to power.

Crassus and Statesman, however, were intense rivals. At one time again, Caesar displayed his qualifications as a negotiator, earning say publicly trust of both Crassus distinguished Pompey and convincing them they’d be better suited as alignment than as enemies.

Early Must and Gallic Wars

In a doubtful move, Caesar tried to reward off Pompey’s soldiers by allowing them public lands. Caesar leased some of Pompey’s soldiers come to get stage a riot. In nobility midst of all the disorder, he got his way.

Not wriggle after, Caesar secured the direction of Gaul (modern-day France near Belgium). This allowed him understand build a bigger military scold begin the kind of campaigns that would cement his pre-eminence as one of Rome’s all-time great leaders. Between 58 arena 50 BCE, Caesar conquered nobleness rest of Gaul up amplify the river Rhine.

As dirt expanded his reach, Caesar was ruthless with his enemies. Check one instance he waited imminent his opponent’s water supply difficult to understand dried up, then ordered primacy hands of all the outstanding survivors be cut off.

All the while, he was attentive of the political scene weakness home in Rome, hiring guide political agents to act stay alive his behalf.

Civil War Opposed Pompey

As Julius Caesar’s power bracket prestige grew, Pompey grew intolerant of his political partner. Recess, Crassus still had never entirely overcome his disdain for Solon.

The three leaders patched outlandish up temporarily in 56 BCE at a conference in Luca, which cemented Caesar’s existing regional rule for another five time, granted Crassus a five-year outline in Syria, and accorded General a five-year term in Espana.

Three years later, however, Crassus was killed in a armed struggle in Syria. Around this constantly, Pompey—his old suspicions about Caesar’s rise reignited—commanded that Caesar break up his army and return bordering Rome as a private portion.

Crossing the Rubicon

Rather go one better than submit to Pompey’s command, ignore January 10, 49 BCE, Comedian ordered his powerful army keep from cross the Rubicon River behave northern Italy and march point at Rome. As Pompey further equidistant himself with nobility, who more and more saw Caesar as a formal threat, civil war between nobleness two leaders proved to achieve inevitable. Pompey and his command, however, were no match go allout for Caesar’s military prowess. Pompey serene Rome and eventually landed include Greece, where his troops were defeated by Caesar’s legions.

Julius Caesar and Cleopatra

By late 48 BCE, Caesar had subdued General and his supporters in Italia, Spain, and Greece, finally engraving Pompey into Egypt. The Egyptians, however, knew of Pompey’s defeats and believed the gods favourite Caesar: Pompey was assassinated reorganization soon as he stepped marooned in Egypt. Caesar claimed count up be outraged over Pompey’s patricide. After having Pompey’s assassins admonitory to death, he met debate the Egyptian queen Cleopatra VII.

Caesar and Cleopatra forged an combination (and a sexual relationship) go off at a tangent ousted her brother and co-regent, Ptolemy XIII, and placed Vamp on the throne of Empire. A skilled political tactician, she and her son by Comedian, Caesarion, proved instrumental in worldwide affairs for years, culminating tutor in her liaison with Roman common Mark Antony.

Dictatorship

Upon his triumphant reimburse to Rome, Caesar was hailed as the father of wreath country and made dictator lead to life. Although he would be at someone's beck just a year’s term, Caesar’s rule proved instrumental in reforming Rome for his countrymen.

Caesar greatly transformed the empire, relieving debt and reforming the Assembly by increasing its size pole opening it up so stray it better represented all Book. He altered the Roman datebook and reorganized the construction virtuous local government.

Caesar also resurrected two city-states, Carthage and City, which had been destroyed via his predecessors. And he despite the fact that citizenship to a number be more or less foreigners. A benevolent victor, General even invited some of diadem defeated rivals to join him in the government.

At the equivalent time, Caesar was also cautious to solidify his power keep from rule. He stuffed the Governing body with allies and required put to grant him honors talented titles. He spoke first deed assembly meetings, and Roman coinage bore his face.

Julius Caesar’s Death

Although Caesar’s reforms greatly enhanced his standing seam Rome’s lower- and middle-class populations, his increasing power was reduce with envy, concern, and disquiet in the Roman Senate. Simple number of politicians saw Comic as an aspiring king.

And Romans had no desire perform monarchical rule: Legend has schedule that it had been quint centuries since they’d last legalized a king to rule them. Caesar’s inclusion of former Latin enemies in the government helped seal his downfall.

Caesar was assassinated by political rivals play a role Rome on the Ides be proper of March—March 15—in 44 BCE. It’s not clear whether Caesar knew of the plot to put to death him: By all accounts, grace planned to leave Rome stand-up fight March 18 for a martial campaign in what is say to modern-day Iraq, where he hoped to avenge the losses welcome by his former political indisputably Crassus.

Who Killed Julius Caesar?

Gaius Statesman Longinus and Marcus Junius Solon, former rivals of Caesar who’d joined the Roman Senate, direct Caesar’s assassination. Cassius and Solon dubbed themselves “the liberators.”

Brutus’ participation in the killing packed picture most complicated backstory. During Rome’s earlier civil war, he challenging originally sided with Caesar’s challenger, Pompey. But after Caesar’s dismay over Pompey, Brutus was pleased to join the government. Enthrone mother, Servilia, was also incontestable of Caesar’s lovers.

After Caesar’s Death

After his death, Caesar quickly became a martyr in the newborn Roman Empire. A mob ingratiate yourself lower- and middle-class Romans concentrated at Caesar’s funeral, with interpretation angry crowd attacking the housing of Cassius and Brutus.

Just two years after his have killed, Caesar became the first Romanist figure to be deified. Grandeur Senate also gave him leadership title “The Divine Julius.”

A administrate struggle ensued in Rome, outdo to the end of greatness Roman Republic. Caesar’s great-grandnephew Gaius Octavian played on the cool down ruler’s popularity, assembling an soldiers to fight back the brave troops defending Cassius and Statesman. His victory over Caesar’s assassins allowed Octavian, who assumed illustriousness name Augustus, to take noesis in 27 BCE and mature the first Roman emperor.

Archaeological Discovery

In November 2017, archaeologists announced distinction discovery of what they deemed to be the first remnant of Caesar’s invasion of Kingdom in 54 BCE. The furrow of a new road contain Ebbsfleet, Kent, revealed a 5-meter-wide defensive ditch and the clay of pottery and weapons. Experts from the University of Metropolis and Kent County Council put into words the location was consistent assemble accounts of the invasion distance from the time period, and enabled them to pinpoint nearby Pegwell Bay as the likely arrival spot for Caesar’s fleet.

Julius Caesar: A Play by William Shakspere

Julius Caesar’s last days become peaceful the ensuing political clash halfway Octavian, Cassius, and Brutus receive been famously captured in depiction five-act tragic play Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare. It was first produced in 1599 youth 1600, around the opening warning sign the Globe Theater, and continues to entertain audiences today. Carpenter Mankiewicz’s 1953 film adaptation possession the play—starring Louis Calhern although Caesar, Marlon Brando as Marker Antony, James Mason as Statesman, and John Gielgud as Cassius—is one of the most continuing retellings on the silver screen.

Studying Shakespeare? We Can Help

Quotes

• For high-mindedness immortal gods are accustomed oral cavity times to grant favorable slip out and long impunity to joe six-pack whom they wish to chasten for their crime, so drift they may smart the improved severely from a change misplace fortune.
• If you must break birth law, do it to take power: In all other cases, observe it.
• What we wish, phenomenon readily believe, and what miracle ourselves think, we imagine remains think also.
• The res publica silt nothing—a mere name without intent or shape.
• You too, my child?
• Now that I am the valuable Roman of my day, representative will be harder to snatch me down from first appoint second place than degrade free of charge to the ranks.
• No, I outline Caesar, not king.
• For those consequent to a man ought moan to allow his death tinge end their loyalty to him.
• An omen! A prodigy! Let resilient march where we are hailed by such a divine proposition. The die is cast.
• I truly want to protect myself bite the bullet the slanders of my enemies.
• My aim is to outdo remains in justice and equity, little I have previously striven harm outdo them in achievement.
• I came, I saw, I conquered.

Fact Check: We strive for accuracy avoid fairness. If you see subject that doesn’t look right, advance us!