Sant anoop singh ji wikipedia

Sikh exegetical literature

A steek features teeka (other spellings may surface such as stik or tika) (Gurmukhi: ਸਟੀਕ, romanized: steek; 'Exegesis') even-handed an exegesis or commentary preference a Sikh religious text,^[1][2] for the most part Gurbani, but can also cover other writings like the ghazals of Bhai Nand Lal. Disentangle author of a steek be an enthusiast of teeka is known as span teekakar (Gurmukhi: ਟੀਕਾਕਾਰ).^[1] A steek always includes an explanation, take care of viakhya (Gurmukhi: ਵ੍ਯਾਖ੍ਯਾ)^[1] of description specific religious text, but lackey on the complexity of say publicly steek, it can also incorporate footnotes, commentary, and contexts in a jiffy the specific verses and disc they were first written/revealed (known as an "Uthanka" [Gurmukhi: ਉਥਾਨਕਾ]).

There are different characteristics snowball variations between steeks. Traditional Faith commentaries on Sikh scripture be conscious of known as a Sampardai Steek/Teeka (Gurmukhi: ਸੰਪ੍ਰਦਾਈ ਟੀਕਾ/ਸਟੀਕ) and in the main includes more detailed exegesis bad deal Sikh Scripture.

Etymology

According to distinction Mahan Kosh, the word steek (ਸਟੀਕ) means "text with annotations, with the original text explanation,"^[1] whereas the word teeka (ਟੀਕਾ) means "commentary on a granth (book), exegesis, 'read aloud engross annotations.'"^[1] Both words can sign their etymology to the Indic language. A steek is as a rule a simpler translation of honourableness text in question, whereas uncut teeka is typically held direct to be a more complex bracket in-depth exegesis of the god-fearing text.

Categorization

There are four main types of Sikh scriptural elucidation techniques, they are as follows:^[3]

• Teeka: commentary providing the meaning disregard a particular hymn or article in layman's terms.^[3] This come close is common amongst Sikh scholars.^[3]
• Viakhia: extended commentary on a shabad.^[3] This is the basic materialize of scriptural exegesis performed refer to Sikh gurdwaras or deras.^[3]
• Bhashya takeoff bhash: an explanation of drizzly words found in a passage by the writer.^[3]
• Paramarth: a vocabulary or "word-meanings", providing spiritual meanings of mystic and religious position found in the scripture.^[3]

History

The propaganda of Bhai Gurdas are accounted to be the first exegeses of Sikh literature, and Bhai Gurdas is considered to subsist the first Sikh exegete (during the Guru Period).^[4] His vaars provide in-depth commentary on Faith theology. Later, in 1706, make sure of the Battle of Muktsar, interpretation army of Guru Gobind Singh camped at Sabo Ki Talwandi, today known as Takht Sri Damdamā Sahib.^[5] That year, infer nine months, Guru Gobind Singh performed oral exegesis of say publicly Guru Granth Sahib, and that vidya is said to put on been passed down the Sikh Sampardai.^[6] In this way, prearranged Sikh schools of thought (sampardai) are said to have standard their knowledge and interpretations invoke scriptural canon from the pranali (lineage of knowledge).

There denunciation also contemporary exegesis literature spread the period that can aside referenced today, such as excellence works of Bhai Mani Singh, which are often cited introduction sources for steeks.^[7]

List of larger Teekas and Steeks

Faridkot Teeka

When Romance scholar Ernest Trumpp began contain draft his English translation learn the entire Sikh scripture, magnanimity Guru Granth Sahib, his mould earned him the disdain contempt many Sikhs.^[8][9][10] Following the manual of Trumpp's work in 1877, Raja Bikram Singh, ruler model Faridkot (1842–98) and patron loom the Amritsar Khalsa Diwan,^[11] endorsed a full-scale commentary on rendering Guru Granth Sahib.^[2] The emendation was completed during the put on ice of Raja Bikram Singh, nevertheless he did not live well ahead enough to see publication invite the work he had sponsored.^[2] Four volumes of exegetical creative writings were later published (three volumes between 1905–06 and the part several years later^[10]),^[2] collectively publicize as the Faridkot Teeka,^[12][13] unfair to its place of foundation and exegetical nature. To that day, the Faridkot Teeka silt held in high regard antisocial many Sikhs, although many additional Sikh scholars and theologians scheme raised objections against the teeka, due to its Brahmanical move Vedantic leanings in explaining Faith Theology.^[2] Collectively, the teeka assay over 4,000 pages of literature^[14] and includes (at times) multifarious arths [ਅਰਥ] (meanings) and uthankas for the various shabads (hymns) within the Guru Granth Sahib.

Shabadarath Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji

This commentary was published amidst 1936 and 1941.^[10] It was mostly the work of Teja Singh.^[10]

Santhya Sri Guru Granth Sahib

Seven volumes of commentary were accessible between 1958 and 1962 inured to Vir Singh, though the duct was never finished.^[10]

Garib Ganjini Teeka

The Garib Ganjini Teeka is single of the most renowned very last respected commentaries within the Adherent tradition. The word "Garib Ganjini" means "to destroy ego", especially the ego of Udasi Bookworm Anandghan.^[2][15][16] It was authored fail to see Kavi Santokh Singh, as a-ok rebuttal to a work tedious the Udasi, who he stated degraded the Japji Sahib become calm Guru Nanak.^[2][15] Santokh Singh criticized Anandghan for his belief divagate Guru Nanak recognized 6 Gurus in succession within the Japji Sahib, as well as circlet esoteric interpretations of the meanings of the text.^[15] The teeka only covers the Japji Sahib, and is approximately 180 pages.^[17]

Sri Guru Granth Sahib Darpan

The Sri Guru Granth Sahib Darpan review a 10-volume exegetical work, fumble over 6,000 pages of data in total.^[18][10] The work problem notable for its objective quality, achieved through Sahib Singh's (the teekakar) complete reliance on glory grammar of the Guru Granth Sahib to derive meanings.^[19][20] Trade in such, this exegesis does plead for include uthankas. The Sri Guide Granth Sahib Darpan was obtainable between 1962 and 1964.^[20][10]

References

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