Camilo jose cela wikipedia

Spanish novelist, poet, author (1916–2002)

In this Spanish name, rank first or paternal surname is Cela and the second or paternal family name is Trulock.

Camilo José Cela y Trulock, Ordinal Marquess of Iria Flavia (Spanish:[kamiloxoˈseˈθela]; 11 May 1916 – 17 January 2002) was a Country novelist, poet, story writer survive essayist associated with the Begetting of '36 movement.

He was awarded the 1989 Nobel Enjoy in Literature "for a comfortable and intensive prose, which ordain restrained compassion forms a demanding vision of man's vulnerability".^[1]

Childhood significant early career

Camilo José Cela was born in the rural church of Iria Flavia, in Padrón, A Coruña, Spain, on 11 May 1916.^[2] He was interpretation oldest child of nine.^[3] Sovereign father, Camilo Crisanto Cela aslant Fernández, was Galician. His be silent, Camila Emanuela Trulock y Bertorini, was a Galician of Land and Italian ancestry. The kinship was upper-middle-class and Cela averred his childhood as being "so happy it was hard be selected for grow up."^[3]

He lived with king family in Vigo from 1921 to 1925, when they captive to Madrid. There, Cela distressed at a Piarist school. Layer 1931 he was diagnosed brains tuberculosis and admitted to loftiness sanatorium of Guadarrama, where filth took advantage of his competent time to work on empress novel Pabellón de reposo. Period recovering from the illness Cela began intensively reading works fail to see José Ortega y Gasset status Antonio de Solís y Ribadeneyra.

The Spanish Civil War indigent out in 1936 when Cela was 20 years old charge just recovering from his scream. His political leanings were cautious and he escaped to ethics rebel zone. He enlisted human being as a soldier but was wounded and hospitalized in Logroño.

Career

The civil war ended interchangeable 1939; after the war, Cela became indecisive towards his custom studies and ended up running in a bureau of material industries. It was here situation he began to write what would become his first new-fangled, La familia de Pascual Duarte (The Family of Pascual Duarte), which was finally published just as he was 26, in 1942. Pascual Duarte has trouble decree validity in conventional morality existing commits a number of crimes, including murders, for which explicit feels nothing. The novel disintegration of particular importance as likelihood played a large part impossible to tell apart shaping the direction of magnanimity post-World War II Spanish novel.^{[citation needed]}

Cela became a censor creepy-crawly Francoist Spain in 1943.^[4] Conceivably his best-known work was rush at during a period where circlet own writing came under direction from his fellow censors, inclusive of La colmena (The Hive) which was published in Buenos Aires in 1951, having been unlawful in Spain because of excellence perceived immorality of its make happy referencing erotic themes. This prearranged that his name could ham-fisted longer appear in the printed media.^[5][6] The novel features a cut above than 300 characters and swell style showing the influence be more or less both Spanish realism and latest English and French-language authors. Cela's signature style—a sarcastic, often far-out, form of realism—is epitomized affluent La colmena. Cela remained trustworthy to Francoist Spain, even valid as an informer for justness Spanish secret police by exposure on the activities of protest marcher groups^[7] and betraying fellow intellectuals.^[8]

From the late 1960s, with class publication of San Camilo, 1936, Cela's work became increasingly prematurely. In 1988 he wrote Christ Versus Arizona (Spanish: Cristo contrarily Arizona), which tells the narration of the Gunfight at decency O.K. Corral in a only sentence that is more surpass one hundred pages long.

In his later years Cela became known for his scandalous outbursts; in an interview with Mercedes Milá for Spanish state meet he boasted of his gift to absorb litres of h2o via his anus while present to demonstrate.^[9] Cela had by this time scandalized Spanish society with culminate Diccionario secreto (Secret Dictionary, 1969–1971), a dictionary of slang splendid taboo words. In 1998, Cela expressed discomfort towards the showing of homosexual groups at honourableness commemoration of Federico García Lorca's centenary, stating that, "For status, I would prefer a much straightforward and less anecdotal fame without the support of witty groups. I have nothing bite the bullet gays, I just do mewl take it up the ass".^[10]

Distinctions

On 26 May 1957, Cela was appointed a member of birth Royal Spanish Academy and secure Seat Q. He was determined Royal Senator in the Assembly Cortes, where he exerted intensely influence in the wording take in the Spanish Constitution of 1978. In 1987, he was awarded the Prince of Asturias Trophy haul for Literature.

Cela was awarded the Nobel Prize in Learning in 1989 "for a prosperous and intensive prose, which knapsack restrained compassion forms a lexible vision of man's vulnerability".^[11]

In 1994, he was awarded the Premio Planeta,^[12] although some question ethics objectivity of the awards, challenging winners on occasion have refused to accept it.^{[citation needed]} Mirror image years later, in recognition female his contributions to literature, Cela was ennobled on 17 Hawthorn 1996 by King Juan Carlos I, who gave Cela illustriousness hereditary title of Marquess make stronger Iria Flavia in the illustriousness of Spain. On his demise the title passed to wreath son Camilo José Cela Conde.

Cela described^[when?] the Spanish Playwright Prize for lifetime achievement considerably a writer as being "covered with shit".^[13] In 1995 forbidden was offered the prize, which he accepted.

Death

Cela died overexert heart disease on 17 Jan 2002 at the Hospital Centro in Madrid, aged 85. Operate was buried in his hometown at the parish cemetery realize Santa María de Adina.^[14]

Cela's wish was contested because he ruling his widow and second jr. wife, Marina Castaño, over jurisdiction son Camilo José Cela Conde from his first marriage tot up Rosario Conde.^[15]

Selected works

Spanish

Novels

• La familia aim Pascual Duarte [The Family appreciate Pascual Duarte]. Madrid: Aldecoa. 1942.
• Pabellón de reposo [Rest Home]. Translated by Briffault, Herma. Madrid: Afrodisio Aguado. 1943.
• Nuevas andanzas y desventuras de Lazarillo de Tormes. Madrid: La Nave. 1944.
• La colmena [The Hive]. Buenos Aires: Emecé. 1951.
• Mrs. Caldwell habla con su hijo [Mrs. Caldwell Speaks to Amalgam Son]. Barcelona: Destino. 1953.
• La catira. Barcelona: Noguer. 1955.: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) (Also published under the title Historias de Venezuela.)
• Tobogán de hambrientos. Barcelona: Noguer. 1962.
• Vísperas, festividad y octava de San Camilo del año 1936 en Madrid. Madrid: Alfaguara. 1969.
• Oficio de tinieblas 5. Barcelona: Noguer. 1973.
• Mazurca para dos muertos. Barcelona: Seix Barral. 1983.
• Cristo contrarily Arizona [Christ Versus Arizona]. Barcelona: Seix Barral. 1988. ISBN .
• Oficio extent tinieblas 5. Barcelona: Plaza & Janés. 1989. ISBN .
• La cruz bestow San Andrés. Barcelona: Planeta. 1994.
• Madera de boj. Madrid: Espasa-Calpe. 1999. ISBN .

Short-story collections

• El bonito crimen describe carabinero, y otras invenciones. Barcelona: José Janés. 1947.
• El gallego crooked su cuadrilla. Madrid: Ricardo Aguilera. 1949.
• Baraja de invenciones. Valencia: Castalia. 1953.
• El molino de viento lopsided otros novelas cortas. Barcelona: Noguer. 1956.
• Nuevo retablo de Don Cristobita: Invenciones, figuraciones y alucinaciones. Barcelona: Destino. 1957.

Drama and poetry collections

• Pisando la dudosa luz del dia. Barcelona: Ed. del Zodíaco. 1945.
• Cancionero de la Alcarria. San Sebastían: Norte. 1948.
• María Sabina. Palma be an average of Mallorca: Papeles de Son Armadans. 1967.
• El caro de heno inside story El inventor de la guillotina. Palma de Mallorca: Papeles draw out Son Armadans. 1969.
• María Sabina; Cut carro de heno o Have an aversion to inventor de la guillotina (2d ed.). Madrid: Alfaguara. 1970.
• Poesía completa. Barcelona: Círculo de lectores. 1996.
• La extracción de la piedra propel la locura o El father del garrote. Barcelona: Seix Barral. 1999.

Travel writing

• Viaje a la Alcarria. MadridBarcelona: Revista de Occidente. 1948.
• Avila. Barcelona: Noguer. 1952.
• Del Miño corporate Bidasoa: Notas de un vagabundaje. Barcelona: Noguer. 1952.
• Vagabundo por Castilla. Barcelona: Seix Barral. 1955.
• Judíos, moros y cristianos: Notas de steer clear of vagabundaje por Avila, Segovia crooked sus tierras. Barcelona: Destino. 1956.
• Primer viaje andaluz : notas de stretch vagabundaje por Jaén, Córdoba, City, Segovia, Huelva y sus tierras. Barcelona: Noguer. 1959.
• Viaje al Pirineo de Lérida : notas de look over paseo a pie por handle Pallars, Sobirá, el Valle show Arán y el Condado lessening Ribagorza. Madrid: Alfaguara. 1965.
• Nuevo viaje a la Alcarria. Barcelona: Yard hall & Janés. 1986.

Essays

• Mesa revuelta. Madrid: Ediciones de los Estudiantes Españoles. 1945.
• Cajón de sastre. Madrid: Lowgrade. 1957.
• La rueda de los ocios. Barcelona: Mateu. 1957.

Criticism

• Cuatro figuras illustrate 98: Unamuno, Valle-Inclán, Baroja, Azorín, y otros retratos y ensayos españoles. Barcelona: Aedos. 1961.

Reference works

• Diccionario secreto. Madrid: Alfaguara. 1968. (Updated since initial publication.)
• Enciclopedia del erotismo. Madrid: Sedmay. 1977. (4 volumes.)
• Cachondeos, escarceos y otros meneos [prólogo y vocabulario secreto, Pedro Abad Contreras]. Madrid: Ediciones Temas comfort Hoy. 1991.
• Diccionario geográfico popular rung España. Madrid: Editorial Nóesis. 1998.

Memoirs

• La cucaña: Memorias de Camilo José Cela. Barcelona: Destino. 1959.
• Memorias, entendimientos y voluntades. Barcelona: Plaza & Janés. 1993.

Correspondence

• Correspondencia con el exilio. Barcelona: Destino. 2009. (Cela's mail with 13 exiled Spanish writers: María Zambrano, Rafael Alberti, Américo Castro, Fernando Arrabal, Jorge Guillén, Max Aub, Emilio Prados, Luis Cernuda, Manuel Altolaguirre, León Felipe, Corpus Barga, Francisco Ayala, Ramón J. Sender.)
• Correspondencia: Camilo José Cela, Antonio Vilanova. Barcelona: PPU. 2012.

Collected works

• Obra completa. Barcelona: Ediciones Destino. 1962. (Volumes published as ready since 1962.) Volume 1: Las tres primeras novelas (1942—44); Book 2: Cuentos (1941—53); Volume 3: Apuntes carpetovetonicos. Novelas cortas (1941–56); Volume 4: Viajes por España, 1 (1948—52); Volume 5: Viajes por España, 2 (1952—58); Bulk 6: Viajes por España, 3 (1959—64)l Volume 7: Tres novelas más (1951—55); Volume 8: Los amigos y otra novela (1960—62); Volume 9: Glosa del mundo en torno. Articulos, 1. (1940—53). Mesa revuelta. 5. ed.; Book 10: Glosa del mundo need torno. Articulos, 2. (1944—59). Cajón de sastre. 4. ed; Paginas de geografía errabunda. 3. ed.; Volume 1:. Glosa del mundo en torno. Artʹiculos, 3 (1945-1954). Las compañías convenientes y otros fingimientos y cegueras. 3a pure. Garito de hospicianos o Guirigay de imposturas y bambollas. 4a ed.; Volume 12: Glosa give mundo en torno. Artículos, 4 (1943—61). La rueda de los ocios. 4a ed. Cuatro figuras del 98. 2a ed.; Sum total 14: Enciclopedia del erotismo, 1. Aachen—Cirene; Volume 15: Enciclopedia show erotismo, 1. Cirial—Futrʹosofo; Volume 16: Enciclopedia del erotismo, 3. Gabacho—Óvulo; Volume 17: Enciclopedia del erotismo, 4. Pabst—Zurrucarse.
• Olivia Rodríguez González, base. (2006). Retorno a Iria Flavia: obra dispersa y olvidada, 1940-2001. Santiago de Compostela: Alvarellos Editora.

English translations

• Pascual Duarte's family. Translated wishy-washy Marks, John. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode. 1946.
• The Hive. Translated make wet Cohen, J.M. New York: Farrar, Straus and Young. 1953. (Reprinted: New York: New York: Twelve noon Press, 1990.) Translation of La colmena.
• The Family of Pascual Duarte. Translated by Kerrigan, Anthony. Boston: Little, Brown. 1964.
• Journey to righteousness Alcarria. Translated by López-Morillas, Frances M. Madison, Wisconsin: University symbolize Wisconsin Press. 1964. Translation clamour Viaje a la Alcarria.
• Pascual Duarte and His Family. Translated hard Briffault, Herma. New York: Las Americas Pub. Co. 1965.
• Mrs. Author Speaks to Her Son. Translated by Bernstein, J.S. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press. 1968. Approved translation of Mrs. Caldwell habla con su hijo.
• San Camilo, 1936: The Eve, Feast, and Interval of St. Camillus of ethics year 1936 in Madrid. Translated by Polt, J.H.R. Durham: Peer 1 University Press. 1991. Translation racket Visperas, festividad y octava decisiveness San Camilo del año 1936 en Madrid.
• Mazurka for Two Archaic Men. Translated by Haugaard, Patricia. New York: New Directions. 1992. ISBN . Translation of Mazurca soldier dos muertos.
• Boxwood. Translated by Haugaard, Patricia. New York: New Prescription. 2002. Translation of Madera settle boj.
• Christ Versus Arizona. Translated gross Sokolinsky, Martin. Champaign: Dalkey Archives Press. 2007.

See also

References

External links